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Energy metabolism, nitrogen balance, and substrate utilization in critically ill children
substrate oxidation pediatrics mechanical ventilation
2016/6/14
Critically ill patients are characterized by a hypermetabolic
state, a catabolic response, higher nutritional needs,
and a decreased capacity for utilization of parenteral substrate.
Body fat distribution in white and black women: different patterns of intraabdominal and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue utilization with weight loss
Overweight obesity weight loss
2016/6/14
Intraabdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) is the body
fat depot most strongly related to disease risk. Weight reduction
is advocated for overweight people to reduce total body fat and
IAAT, although lit...
Guar gum does not impair the absorption and utilization of dietary nitrogen but affects early endogenous urea kinetics in humans
Guar gum dietary nitrogen urea kinetics
2016/6/14
Viscous gums enhance viscosity in the upper gastrointestinal
lumen, quickly disturbing motility and promoting
fluid secretion.
Using stable isotopes to assess mineral absorption and utilization by children
Calcium absorption iron absorption mineral requirements
2016/6/2
Adequate mineral intake is a crucial part of a
healthy diet for children—it supports appropriate growth and
development and provides protection against childhood conditions
like anemia and helps to...
Molybdenum absorption and utilization in humans from soy and kale intrinsically labeled with stable isotopes of molybdenum
Molybdenum absorption utilization
2016/5/31
Stable-isotope studies of molybdenum metabolism
have been conducted in which molybdenum was added to
the diet and was assumed to be absorbed and utilized similarly to
the molybdenum in foods.
Energy expenditure and substrate utilization in adults with cystic fibrosis and diabetes mellitus
Cystic fibrosis diabetes mellitus energy expenditure
2016/5/31
The onset of cystic fibrosis–related diabetes mellitus
(CFDM) is often associated with a decline in clinical and
nutritional status.
Adjustments in energy expenditure and substrate utilization during late pregnancy and lactation
Energy expenditure basal metabolic rate sleeping metabolic rate
2016/5/30
Metabolic adjustments occur during pregnancy
and lactation to support fetal growth and milk synthesis; however,
the effect of body composition and hormonal milieu on
these changes is poorly underst...
Exercise increases the proportion of fat utilization during short-term consumption of a high-fat diet
Obesity metabolism high-fat diet fat oxidation exercise indirect calorimetry
2008/12/12
Background: Increases in energy substrate oxidation occur at different rates after an increase in either fat or carbohydrate intake. Adaptations to increased fat intake are relatively slow and are inf...
Iron supplementation during infancy—effects on expression of iron transporters, iron absorption, and iron utilization in rat pups
Rat pups infants divalent metal transporter 1
2017/1/5
Studies conducted in human infants suggest developmental changes in the regulation of iron absorption; however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating iron absorption during infancy...
Differential utilization of systemic and enteral ammonia for urea synthesis in control subjects and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency carriers
Urea synthesis humans ammonia flux
2017/1/4
Female carriers of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) have nearly normal rates of total urea synthesis, but they derive less urea from systemic glutamine amide nitrogen than do healthy perso...
Effect of chewing gum containing nicotine and caffeine on energy expenditure and substrate utilization in men
Nicotine caffeine fatty acid oxidation
2017/1/3
One milligram of nicotine has a pronounced thermogenic effect, which can be increased by ≈100% by adding 100 mg caffeine. Increasing the nicotine dose to 2 mg does not increase the thermogenic effect ...
Efficiency of utilization of wheat and milk protein in healthy adults and apparent lysine requirements determined by a single-meal [1-13C]leucine balance protocol
Healthy adults protein quality milk wheat stable isotopes leucine balance nitrogen balance amino acid requirements
2016/12/20
Background: We recently reported better wheat-protein utilization and a higher apparent lysine requirement than would be predicted, because of adaptive mechanisms of lysine conservation. However,...
Snacks consumed in a nonhungry state have poor satiating efficiency:influence of snack composition on substrate utilization and hunger
Snack appetite satiety substrate oxidation metabolic response hormonal response behavioral response insulin glucose fatty acids obesity weight gain
2016/12/19
Background: Several epidemiologic studies suggest that snacking may play an etiologic role in obesity.Objective: We assessed the behavioral and metabolic consequences of a high-carbohydrate ...
Enhanced zinc utilization during lactation may reduce maternal and infant zinc depletion
Summary Report Rural Population Mothers Lactation Zinc Diet Breastfeeding Exclusive Treatment Developing Countries Population Characteristics
2016/12/17
About one-half of the globe's population is predicted to be at risk of inadequate zinc intakes (1). This estimate is based on a comparison between the requirement for absorbable zinc and the amount ac...
Postprandial modulation of dietary and whole-body nitrogen utilization by carbohydrates in humans
Adults nitrogen isotopes carbon isotopes, amino acids pharmacokinetics oxidation intestinal absorption
2016/6/8
Background: Sucrose exerts a sparing effect on whole-body
protein metabolism, mainly during the absorptive phase.
Objective: We aimed to characterize the acute postprandial
effect of addition of su...